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In Tanzania, the artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector plays a crucial role in the economy, providing livelihoods for many individuals, including a significant number of women. Women contribute substantially to the sector, yet they face significant challenges that hinder their full participation and economic empowerment. Structural barriers, such as societal norms, domestic responsibilities, and limited access to resources, restrict their mobility and opportunities within the sector. These barriers often prevent women from acquiring mining licenses, securing financing, and accessing vital geological data, leaving them with limited control over their earnings. Additionally, the lack of access to modern mining equipment and technology forces many women to operate informally, constraining their potential for growth and success in the industry.
At the Ntabalale mining site, these gender-related challenges are especially evident. Women often face difficulties acquiring mining pits, locally known as “mduara,” with male license holders typically holding greater control over these opportunities. This gender disparity extends to revenue distribution, where women’s contributions are often undervalued or not fairly compensated. The sales processes within Ntabalale must be examined to ensure they foster women’s economic empowerment and facilitate their equitable participation in decision-making and revenue-sharing.
Despite these challenges, the mining sector holds significant opportunities for women, such as employment in various roles, involvement in decision-making processes, and access to training in mining techniques. However, societal and financial barriers prevent women from fully seizing these opportunities. For instance, women often miss out on formal employment opportunities due to limited access to information and financial resources to invest in mining ventures. Furthermore, the predominance of male investors in the sector limits women’s ability to engage in decision-making and leadership roles, perpetuating gender imbalances. The existing tax and regulatory frameworks also disproportionately affect women, who already face obstacles in accessing capital and technology.
This policy seeks to address these gender-specific challenges by promoting equitable opportunities and creating a more inclusive environment at the Ntabalale mining site. By reforming the regulatory framework, enhancing women’s participation, ensuring fair revenue distribution, and improving access to employment and decision-making roles, the policy aims to empower women economically and support their full participation in the mining sector.
